Government Hospitals in India

India’s healthcare system is one of the largest in the world, serving over a billion people across urban and rural regions. At the core of this large system lie the government hospitals in India, which provide affordable and accessible treatment for millions. These hospitals are critical in ensuring that healthcare reaches every corner of the country, regardless of income or location.

Unlike private hospitals, which can be expensive, Indian government hospitals aim to provide equal care to all. From basic patient consultations to life-saving surgeries and specialty treatments, they offer a wide range of free or subsidized services. This makes them important for the country’s public health goals.

As the need for quality healthcare continues to rise, understanding the structure, scale, and significance of government hospitals becomes essential. In this guide, we will explore how many government hospitals in India exist, their distribution, and a list of govt hospitals in India ranked based on their services, infrastructure, capacity, and more. We will also look at how the system works, from registration to treatment, challenges faced by public hospitals, and how ongoing reforms are shaping the future of healthcare in India.

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Structure of the Indian Government Hospital System

The Indian government hospital system is organized into multiple levels, ensuring healthcare access for every citizen. This system is largely divided into Central, State, and Local hospital networks and operates across three levels of care: Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary. Additionally, various government medical colleges and healthcare schemes strengthen the public infrastructure. Here is a brief account of them:

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While treatment at government hospitals can significantly reduce medical costs, having a reliable health insurance plan through platforms like Carepal Secure ensures better financial protection during critical care.

A. Types of Government Hospitals in India

1. Central Government Hospitals

Central government hospitals, as the name suggests, are operated and funded by the central government. They are directly managed and operated by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, often offering highly specialized care and medical education. 

Some of the examples of Central government hospitals in India are AIIMS (New Delhi and branches), Safdarjung Hospital, PGIMER Chandigarh,  and RML Hospital.

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2. State Government Hospitals

The state health departments administer these hospitals. They form the bulk of public healthcare services, covering district, taluk, and specialty hospitals.

Examples of state government hospitals in India include Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital (Chennai), KEM Hospital (Maharashtra), and District General Hospitals.

3. Municipal or Local Body Hospitals

Local body hospitals are healthcare facilities managed by local bodies like municipal corporations or city councils. These hospitals serve densely populated urban areas and provide essential services at affordable costs.

Examples of municipal hospitals include Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital (Mumbai), Sion Hospital.

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B. Levels of Care in Government Hospitals

1. Primary Healthcare

Primary healthcare is the first point of contact between individuals and the healthcare system, as it focuses on preventive, promotive, and basic curative services, especially in rural and underserved areas.

Facilities Provided:

• • Health education and awareness

• • Immunization programs

• • Maternal and child care

• • Family planning

• • Treatment of common illnesses

Infrastructure:

• • Sub-Centres (SCs): It is staffed by Auxiliary Nurse Midwives (ANMs) and serve remote areas.

• • Primary Health Centres (PHCs): There is one PHC for every ~30,000 population, led by a medical officer.

• • Community Health Centres (CHCs): CHCs serve as a referral unit for 4 PHCs, with basic specialists.

2. Secondary Healthcare

Secondary healthcare provides specialist care through district and sub-divisional hospitals and serves as a referral point from PHCs and CHCs. It bridges the gap between basic and super-specialty care. 

Facilities Provided:

• • Inpatient care and minor surgeries

• • Specialist consultations (pediatrics, OB-GYN, general medicine)

• • Emergency services

Infrastructure:

• • Community Health Centres (CHCs): Serve 80,000–1.2 lakh population; provide specialist services.

• • District Hospitals: Offer a broad range of services to a district-level population; equipped for emergencies.

3. Tertiary Healthcare

Tertiary healthcare provides the highest level of medical treatment. It involves advanced treatment for complex illnesses and super-specialty services. Additionally, these institutions are often linked to teaching and research.

Facilities Provided:

• • Organ transplants, cancer treatment, and neurosurgery

• • Medical research and education

• • Super-specialty clinics

Infrastructure:

• • Institutes like AIIMS, JIPMER, and NIMHANS

• • Medical college hospitals provide both education and advanced care

• Some state-run super-specialty hospitals

C. Government Medical Colleges and Teaching Hospitals

Government medical colleges and their attached hospitals play a dual role of providing high-quality medical education and delivering specialized healthcare services. These teaching hospitals are very important for training India’s next generation of doctors, nurses, and allied health professionals while also functioning as tertiary referral centers for complex and critical medical cases.

Features of Teaching Hospitals:

• • They provide the students with hands-on experience in real hospital settings.

• • Departments for cardiology, neurology, oncology, nephrology, etc, offer specialized care.

• • Many of these hospitals are involved in public health research and clinical trials.

• • These hospitals provide complex surgeries and procedures at subsidized rates or free of cost to economically weaker patients.

Examples of Government Teaching Hospitals in India:

• • AIIMS (Delhi and regional branches)

• • Madras Medical College

• • KEM Hospital (Mumbai)

• • Government Medical College, Kozhikode

These institutions play an important role in developing India’s healthcare workforce while delivering top care.

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D. Public Healthcare Schemes Supporting Government Hospitals

India’s public healthcare system is supported by several government-funded schemes that aim at ensuring health coverage, especially for the underprivileged. These schemes support government hospitals in delivering free or subsidized medical services. Here are some of them:

1. Ayushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY)

PM-JAY was started in 2018 and is the world’s largest health assurance scheme, covering over 50 crore individuals. It provides cashless and paperless hospitalization for secondary and tertiary care. It offers coverage of up to Rs. 5 lakh per family per year.

2. Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS)

CGHS targets central government employees, pensioners, and their dependents. It offers access to dispensaries, wellness centers, polyclinics, and government referral hospitals. This scheme is available in cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, and is expanding gradually.

3. Employees’ State Insurance Scheme (ESI)

ESI is managed by ESIC and supports workers in the organized sector and their families. It is funded through employer and employee contributions. This scheme provides complete medical care, including hospitalization in ESIC or empaneled government hospitals.

4. Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi (RAN)

RAN provides financial assistance for catastrophic diseases like cancer, kidney/liver transplants for families below the poverty line (BPL). Treatments under this scheme are offered at super-specialty government hospitals, including AIIMS and regional institutions.

5. State-Specific Health Schemes

Many Indian states have started their health protection schemes that integrate with or complement national programs: Aarogyasri (Telangana & Andhra Pradesh) offers free tertiary care for BPL families. Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Jan Arogya Yojana (Maharashtra) covers surgeries and treatment for low-income groups. Karunya Health Scheme (Kerala) covers the cost of major treatments in public hospitals. Biju Swasthya Kalyan Yojana (Odisha) offers cashless healthcare at state and central government hospitals.

Impact of These Schemes:

These schemes encourage the utilization of government hospitals over private ones. It reduces expenditure for poor and middle-income families. It also adds to the investments in infrastructure and digital health records in public health systems. Additionally, these schemes promote public-private partnerships (PPP) while strengthening the core government framework.

How Many Government Hospitals in India?

India’s public healthcare infrastructure is one of the largest globally, designed to meet the needs of its vast and diverse population. The network of government hospitals spans from primary care centers in rural hamlets to advanced tertiary institutions in metropolitan cities. Understanding the scale and distribution of these facilities provides insight into the nation’s commitment to accessible and affordable healthcare.

A. Latest Statistics and Official Data (as of March 31, 2023)

According to the Health Dynamics of India 2022-23 report by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, these are the no of government hospitals in India:

• • There are 169,615 Sub-Centres (SCs) out of which 165,639 are rural and 3,976 are urban.

• • Primary Health Centres (PHCs) are numbered  31,882, out of which 25,354 are rural and 6,528 are urban.

• • Community Health Centres (CHCs) are around 6,359, out of which 5,491 are situated in rural areas and 868 in urban areas. 

• • Sub-Divisional Hospitals are 1,340 

• • District Hospitals: 714

• • Medical Colleges: 362

• • Total Beds in Government Facilities (PHC, CHC, SDH, DH & Medical Colleges): 818,661 

These figures highlight the large reach of government healthcare facilities across the country, aiming to provide a range of services at various levels of care.

B. Year-wise Growth and Regional Distribution

Over the years, there has been a significant effort to expand and upgrade healthcare infrastructure: 

Sub-Centres: Increased by 11,909 since 2005, with significant additions in states like Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh. 

PHCs and CHCs: There has been a consistent growth to meet the rising healthcare demands, especially in rural and underserved regions. 

Medical Colleges: The number of government medical hospitals has more than doubled from 307 in 2014 to 730 in 2024, enhancing both healthcare delivery and medical education. 

C. Urban vs. Rural Availability

The distribution of healthcare facilities between urban and rural areas reveals both progress and ongoing challenges: 

• • Rural Dominance: A significant majority of SCs (165,639), PHCs (25,354), and CHCs (5,491) are situated in rural areas, aiming to improve rural healthcare access. 

• • Urban Shortfall: Urban areas, despite higher population densities, have comparatively fewer government healthcare facilities, leading to increased reliance on private healthcare providers. 

• • Healthcare Utilization: In rural India, government hospitals account for approximately 46% of hospitalizations, whereas in urban areas, this figure drops to 35%, indicating a preference or necessity for private healthcare services in cities. 

Efforts are ongoing to bridge this urban-rural divide, including the establishment of more urban health centers and the integration of telemedicine services to extend reach.

List of Government Hospitals in India By Region

India’s healthcare system includes a wide network of government hospitals spread across regions to provide accessible and affordable medical care. Here is the list of government hospitals classified by regions, highlighting major public hospitals, including those in metropolitan cities like Mumbai, Bangalore, and Delhi.

A. Northern Region

States Covered: Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand.

List of Government Hospitals:

• • AIIMS Delhi (New Delhi): It is a premier institute that offers super-specialty and research-based care. The institute is well-known for its advanced treatment and training.

• • Indira Gandhi Medical College and Hospital (Himachal): It is the oldest and one of the largest government hospitals in India.

• • PGIMER (Chandigarh): This government hospital focuses on postgraduate medical education and tertiary care.

• • King George’s Medical University (Lucknow): Offers a wide range of specialty services, including trauma, cardiology, and pediatrics.

• • Government Hospital PHC (Mehuwala): It provides free primary healthcare services ranging from screening of non-communicable diseases, maternal and child healthcare, essential medicines, and diagnosis. 

B. Southern Region

States Covered: Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana

List of Government Hospitals:

• • Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital (Chennai): This is Tamil Nadu’s top government hospital with over 3,000 beds and covering various specialties.

• • Victoria Hospital (Bangalore): This is one of the oldest hospitals in Karnataka, offering general and specialty care.

• • NIMHANS (Bangalore): Nationally recognized for mental health and neurosciences.

• • Osmania General Hospital (Hyderabad): A large tertiary care facility affiliated with Osmania Medical College.

• • Nidadavolu Government Hospital (Andhra Pradesh): This hospital provides primary healthcare to the patients and is growing day by day with providing health care facilities that match private ones. 

• • Edayirickapuzha Government Hospital (Kerala): This government facility provides general and special care.

C. Eastern Region

States Covered: West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha

List of Government Hospitals:

• • Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College (Kolkata): Offers specialties in pediatrics, neurology, and critical care.

• • Patna Medical College and Hospital (Patna): This is the oldest government medical institution in Bihar with multispecialty services.

• • SCB Medical College (Cuttack): SCB is a major referral hospital in Odisha offering advanced and super-specialty care.

• • Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS): This is a premier government hospital that offers multi-speciality services including cardiology, neurology, and oncology.

D. Western Region

States Covered: Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Goa

List of Government Hospitals:

• • Sir J.J. Hospital (Mumbai): One of the largest government hospitals in Maharashtra with a range of departments and teaching units.

• • Sion Hospital (Mumbai): This civic-run hospital is well-known for trauma and burn care.

• • SMS Medical College Hospital (Jaipur): Offers super-specialty services and acts as a key referral center in Rajasthan.

• • Goa Medical College (Bambolim): Serves Goa with both teaching and healthcare facilities.

• • Civil Hospital (Ahmedabad): Providing the best healthcare services to all the sections of society at free of cost. These services include medical, surgical, gynecological, ortho, ENT, Skin & V. D., pediatric, Ped. Surgery and Neurosurgery.

E. Northeastern Region

States Covered: Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, and Mizoram

List of Government Hospitals:

• • Gauhati Medical College and Hospital (Assam): This is the largest referral hospital in Assam with critical and general care.

• • NEIGRIHMS (Shillong): A central government institute providing tertiary and academic services.

• • RIMS (Imphal): Offers services in cardiology, orthopedics, urology, and medical education.

Top 20 Government Hospitals in India

Keyword coverage: top government hospital in India, top 10 hospital in India, government, top 20 government hospital in India, best government hospital in India

Ranking based on services, reputation, infrastructure, and patient feedback

Highlight institutions like AIIMS Delhi, PGIMER Chandigarh, JIPMER, etc.

1. All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 

AIIMS, located in Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, is considered the best government hospital in India. It was started in 1956 and is known for offering top-quality medical care, education, and research. AIIMS is one of the most trusted hospitals in the country and is often listed among the Top 10 Government Hospitals in India.

This hospital is famous for its modern technology, expert doctors, and wide range of treatments. From regular check-ups to serious surgeries, AIIMS handles it all. Many people from across India come here to get affordable and reliable healthcare.

Main Departments at AIIMS

• • Heart care (Cardiology)

• • Brain and nerves (Neurology)

• • Cancer treatment (Oncology)

• • Stomach and liver (Gastroenterology)

• • Kidney care (Nephrology)

• • Child care (Pediatrics)

• • Bone and joints (Orthopedics)

• • Hormone-related issues (Endocrinology)

• • Lung care (Pulmonology)

• • General surgery

Features of AIIMS Delhi

• • The hospital is equipped with the latest medical equipment and modern buildings.

• • The institute strongly focuses on research and training new doctors 

• • Emergency care is available 24/7

• • Affordable treatment for all income groups is available

• • It offers online consultations through telemedicine

• • Special facilities for complex surgeries are provided by the hospital

• • It is well-known as a top place to study medicine

AIIMS stands out for its excellent care, making it the first on the list of government hospitals in India.

2. Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER)

PGIMER, located in Chandigarh, is one of the top government hospitals in India. It was started in 1962 and is well-known for its excellent medical education, research, and patient care. People from all over the country come here for high-quality and affordable treatment.

PGIMER offers a wide range of medical services and has expert doctors in many specialties. It is a trusted hospital for people looking for advanced healthcare and personalized treatment.

Main Departments at PGIMER

• • Heart care (Cardiology)

• • Brain and nerves (Neurology)

• • Kidney care (Nephrology)

• • Stomach and liver (Gastroenterology)

• • Blood disorders (Hematology)

• • Hormone-related issues (Endocrinology)

• • Heart and chest surgery (Cardiothoracic Surgery)

• • Child surgery (Pediatric Surgery)

• • Urinary system care (Urology)

• • Plastic and reconstructive surgery

Features of PGIMER

• • It offers complete care for both walk-in and admitted patients.

• • Advanced tests and lab facilities are offered by the hospital

• • Emergency care is available 24/7 through a trauma center

• • The hospital staffed highly trained doctors and healthcare staff

• • The hospital focuses on research and new medical discoveries 

• • The institution offers top-class training for medical students 

• • Patient-focused care and treatment plans are offered

• • The hospital also provides online consultations through telemedicine 

• • Free health camps and services for communities are offered by the institute

• • The hospital is equipped with modern surgical equipment and operating theaters

PGIMER is known for its dedicated service, expert care, and role in improving healthcare in India.

3. Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER) 

JIPMER, based in Puducherry, is one of the most trusted government hospitals in India. It was established in 1964 and is known for offering excellent medical education and high-quality healthcare services. People from across the country visit JIPMER for specialized and affordable treatment.

With expert doctors and modern facilities, JIPMER provides care in many medical fields, making it a reliable hospital for patients with different health needs.

Main Departments at JIPMER

• • General Medicine

• • Surgery

• • Child care (Pediatrics)

• • Women’s health (Obstetrics & Gynecology)

• • Bone and joint care (Orthopedics)

• • Mental health (Psychiatry)

• • Skin care (Dermatology)

• • Heart care (Cardiology)

• • Brain and nerve care (Neurology)

• • Medical imaging (Radiology)

Features of JIPMER 

• • Full services for both walk-in and admitted patients

• • Modern testing and scanning facilities

• • 24/7 emergency care with a trauma center

• • Focus on medical research and innovation

• • Team-based care for complex health issues

• • Affordable treatments for everyone

• • Active community health and outreach work

• • Skilled doctors who also train future medical professionals

• • Personalized treatment plans for each patient

• • Telemedicine services for remote consultations

JIPMER continues to be a top choice for patients and medical students, thanks to its expert care and dedication to public health.

4. Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS) 

SGPGIMS is an Indian government hospital located on Raebareli Road in Lucknow. Started in 1983, it focuses on advanced medical education and offers expert healthcare in many specialties.

The hospital is famous for its excellent patient care and important medical research. SGPGIMS has special centers for different diseases, making it a popular choice for patients needing expert treatment.

Main Departments at SGPGIMS

• • General Medicine

• • Surgery

• • Heart Care (Cardiology)

• • Brain and Nerve Care (Neurology)

• • Digestive System Care (Gastroenterology)

• • Kidney Care (Nephrology)

• • Hormone-related Care (Endocrinology)

• • Blood Disorders (Hematology)

• • Infectious Diseases

• • Child Care (Pediatrics)

Features of SGPGIMS

• • Focus on advanced medical education with many training programs

• • Complete services for both outpatients and admitted patients

• • Modern testing and imaging labs

• • 24/7 emergency care available

• • Team-based, all-around patient care

• • Strong focus on research and clinical trials

• • Personalized care plans for each patient

• • Community programs to raise health awareness

• • Advanced surgical facilities with the latest technology

• • Telemedicine services to help patients access care remotely

SGPGIMS is trusted by many for its expert care, teaching, and dedication to improving health.

5. King Edward Memorial (KEM) Hospital, Mumbai 

King Edward Memorial (KEM) Hospital, located in Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, is one of the most respected government hospitals in India. Established in association with Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College (GSMC), this hospital has been serving patients since the early 20th century and continues to be a lifeline for many across the country.

KEM Hospital is known for offering a wide range of advanced healthcare services, not just to people in Mumbai but also to patients from across India and even abroad. Its dedicated team and infrastructure make it a trusted government medical institution.

Main Departments at KEM Hospital

• • General Medicine

• • General Surgery

• • Pediatrics

• • Obstetrics & Gynecology

• • Orthopedics

• • Dermatology

• • Psychiatry

• • Eye Care (Ophthalmology)

• • ENT (Ear, Nose, Throat)

• • Radiology

• • Pathology

• • Anesthesiology

• • Heart Care (Cardiology)

• • Brain and Nerve Care (Neurology)

• • Kidney Care (Nephrology)

• • Cancer Treatment (Oncology)

• • Hormone-related Care (Endocrinology)

• • Digestive System Care (Gastroenterology)

• • Lung Care (Pulmonology)

• • Infectious Diseases

• • Organ Transplants

• • Cardiac and Neurosurgery

• • Plastic Surgery

Features of KEM Hospital

• • Extensive OPD (Outpatient) services across multiple departments

• • Inpatient care with over 1,800 beds and specialized wards

• • Modern ICUs and surgical units with trained staff

• • 24/7 emergency department for urgent and critical cases

• • Advanced diagnostic support including MRI, CT scan, X-ray, and labs

• • Pharmacy, blood bank, physiotherapy, and nutrition services are available

• • Team of 600+ doctors and trained paramedical staff

• • Patient-first approach with no financial discrimination

• • Clean wards, waiting areas, and canteen for patients and families

• • Ambulance services and teleconsultation support

KEM Hospital offers affordable, high-quality government healthcare to countless patients every day.

6. Tata Memorial Hospital 

Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), located in Parel, Mumbai, is a premier government-run institution dedicated exclusively to cancer care. Established in 1941, TMH is widely regarded as one of India’s top government hospitals, especially for oncology services. With a legacy of excellence, it serves thousands of cancer patients every year with compassion and cutting-edge treatment.

TMH combines treatment, education, and research to provide a comprehensive approach to cancer management. It is a symbol of hope for patients from across the country and beyond, known for its affordability and quality of care.

Specialties of Tata Memorial Hospital

• • Medical Oncology

• • Surgical Oncology

• • Radiation Oncology

• • Pediatric Oncology

• • Hematology

• • Pain Management

• • Palliative Care

• • Clinical Research

• • Supportive Care Services

• • Cancer Rehabilitation

Features of Tata Memorial Hospital

• • Full-spectrum cancer care from diagnosis to follow-up

• • Advanced surgical, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy services

• • Research-driven approach with contributions to global oncology practices

• • Multidisciplinary teams for individualized treatment plans

• • High-tech imaging and diagnostic facilities

• • Outreach programs focused on early detection and awareness

• • Strong telemedicine infrastructure for remote consultations

• • Training programs for doctors, nurses, and healthcare workers

• • Support services for the emotional and psychological care of patients and families

• • International partnerships advancing cancer research and innovation

Tata Memorial Hospital remains a leader in cancer treatment and research, making it a top choice among the best government hospitals in India.

7. King George’s Medical University (KGMU) 

King George’s Medical University (KGMU), situated in Chowk, Lucknow, is a historic and respected government hospital known for its excellence in medical education and healthcare services. Established in 1905, KGMU has grown into a medical hub offering various treatments and specialized care.

With more than 60 departments, KGMU serves patients from across Uttar Pradesh and neighboring states. It is also a key institution in medical training, producing skilled professionals through its UG, PG, and super-specialty programs.

Specialties of KGMU

• • General Medicine

• • Surgery

• • Pediatrics

• • Obstetrics & Gynecology

• • Orthopedics

• • Cardiology

• • Neurology

• • Psychiatry

• • Dermatology

• • Anesthesiology

Features of KGMU

• • It offers a wide range of medical education programs, including MBBS, MD, MS, and super-specialties

• • The hospital has active research departments driving medical innovation

• • 24/7 emergency and trauma care services are available

• • Affordable healthcare is accessible to people from all walks of life

• • Multispecialty teams for integrated and quality patient care are provided

• • The hospital engages in regular community outreach programs for preventive healthcare

• • The institute has modern hospital infrastructure with advanced diagnostic and surgical equipment

• • Participation in key national and state-level health missions

• • Telemedicine services offered by the hospital are improving access for rural and remote patients

KGMU, with its wide range of services and contribution to healthcare and education, has made its place among the best government hospitals in India

8. Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi 

Safdarjung Hospital, located in New Delhi, is among the largest government hospitals in India. Established during British rule, the hospital has since evolved into a major public healthcare institution, offering advanced medical services to patients across the country.

As one of the top 10 government hospitals in India, Safdarjung Hospital is recognized for its wide-ranging specialties, experienced staff, and commitment to accessible, quality care. It caters to thousands of patients daily, providing both outpatient and inpatient services at affordable costs.

Specialties of Safdarjung Hospital

• • General Medicine

• • General Surgery

• • Pediatrics

• • Obstetrics & Gynecology

• • Orthopedics

• • ENT (Ear, Nose & Throat)

• • Dermatology

• • Psychiatry

• • Anesthesiology

• • Radiology

Features of Safdarjung Hospital

• • 24/7 emergency services with specialized trauma care units

• • High bed capacity to meet the healthcare needs of large volumes of patients

• • State-of-the-art diagnostic facilities, including imaging and pathology labs

• • Multidisciplinary teams ensure comprehensive and coordinated care

• • Affordable treatment plans suitable for all socioeconomic groups

• • Active participation in national and local public health programs

• • Skilled medical professionals and staff with specialized training

• • Advanced telemedicine services offering remote consultations

• • Dedicated patient support systems, including counseling and rehabilitation

• • Strong focus on continuous improvement through research and training

Safdarjung Hospital delivers reliable medical care while upholding its legacy of service and excellence, making it a place of the top 10 government hospitals in India.

9. AIIMS, Bhubaneswar

All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhubaneswar, located in Odisha’s capital city, is a premier government medical institution and hospital in Eastern India. This government hospital was established in 2012 under the Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY) and has rapidly evolved into a high-quality facility in patient care, education, and research.

As one of the top government hospitals in India, AIIMS Bhubaneswar offers high-quality, affordable healthcare and advanced medical knowledge through academic and research programs. It serves not only the people of Odisha but also patients from neighboring states and regions.

Specialties of AIIMS Bhubaneswar

• • General Medicine

• • General Surgery

• • Pediatrics

• • Obstetrics & Gynecology

• • Orthopedics

• • Cardiology

• • Neurology

• • Oncology

• • Gastroenterology

• • Nephrology

• • Endocrinology

• • Pulmonology

• • Psychiatry

• • Dermatology

• • ENT (Ear, Nose & Throat)

• • Anesthesiology

• • Radiology

Features of AIIMS Bhubaneswar

• • The hospital operates with 43 departments, including pre-clinical, para-clinical, specialty, and super-specialty areas, providing a wide range of healthcare services.  

• • It offers 24/7 emergency services, including a dedicated trauma center, ensuring prompt and efficient care for critical cases.  

• • The hospital complex includes a 920-bed facility with modern ICUs, operating theaters, and diagnostic laboratories.  

• • The institute provides undergraduate and postgraduate medical education, creating a strong learning environment for future healthcare professionals.  

• • AIIMS Bhubaneswar emphasizes research, with various departments engaged in modern studies to advance medical science.  

• • The hospital actively participates in public health initiatives and conducts outreach programs to promote health awareness in the community.  

• • AIIMS Bhubaneswar offers telemedicine services through the “AIIMS Bhubaneswar Swasthya App,” offering better and easier accessibility for patients in remote areas.  

AIIMS Bhubaneswar continues to uphold the AIIMS legacy by providing excellent medical services, making its place in the top 10 government hospitals in India..

10. NIMHANS Bengaluru 

The National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), located in Bengaluru, Karnataka, is one of the top government hospitals in India dedicated to mental health and neurosciences. Established in 1974, NIMHANS combines research, education, and top-quality patient care to address mental health and brain-related disorders.

Originally, NIMHANS was formed in 1925 by merging the All India Institute of Mental Health and the Mental Hospital, Bengaluru. Since then, it has become a leader in mental health care, education, and policy-making in India.

NIMHANS is known for treating conditions like depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, autism, bipolar disorder, and more. The institute also runs one of the best educational and training programs in psychiatry, neurology, neurosurgery, psychology, and neuroscience, producing highly skilled professionals who serve across India and abroad.

Specialties of NIMHANS

• • Psychiatry

• • Clinical Psychology

• • Neurology

• • Neurosurgery

• • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

• • Geriatric Psychiatry

• • Neuropsychiatry

• • Neuropsychology

• • Psychiatric Social Work

Features of NIMHANS Bengaluru

• • The Outpatient Department (OPD) of the hospital offers regular consultations and assessments for mental and neurological conditions.

• • Inpatient Department (IPD) of NIMHANS offers specialized wards for psychiatric and neurological patients, including ICU care.

• • Immediate help for psychiatric and neurological emergencies is offered 24/7

• • Telepsychiatry services are also offered whenever needed through remote consultations via video calls to reach patients in rural and remote areas.

Undergraduate to doctoral-level training in mental health and neurosciences is provided in NIMHANS.

• • The institute continuous research in psychiatry, psychology, and brain sciences

• • Programs are conducted to raise awareness and reduce stigma around mental illness.s

• • International Collaborations are encouraged by the institute, including partnerships with global institutions for training and research purposes.

• • NIMHANS, Bangalore, plays an  active role in shaping India’s mental health laws and initiatives

• • Medical services are accessible for all, regardless of social or economic status.

NIMHANS continues to lead India’s mental health movement with a vision to improve lives through science, care, and compassion.

11. Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital (RGGGH) 

Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital (RGGGH), located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, is one of India’s oldest and most respected government hospitals. Originally known as Madras General Hospital, it was established in 1664 and renamed after former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi. The hospital is affiliated with Madras Medical College, one of India’s premier medical colleges.

RGGGH has a long history of providing free and affordable healthcare to people from all walks of life. With thousands of beds and advanced medical facilities, it handles a high volume of patients daily, especially those from Tamil Nadu and neighboring states.

The hospital is well known for its commitment to public health, medical education, and cutting-edge treatments in several specialties.

Specialties of RGGGH

Here are the key specialties that make RGGGH a top government hospital in India:

• • General Medicine

• • General Surgery

• • Pediatrics

• • Obstetrics & Gynecology

• • Cardiology

• • Neurology

• • Nephrology

• • Urology

• • Orthopedics

• • ENT (Ear, Nose & Throat)

• • Dermatology

• • Psychiatry

• • Anesthesiology

Features of RGGGH Chennai

These features highlight why RGGGH is considered one of the most reliable and largest government hospitals in India:

• • 24/7 Emergency Services with modern trauma care units

• • Affiliation with Madras Medical College, providing excellent medical training

• • State-of-the-art diagnostic and imaging facilities

• • Free and low-cost treatment options for all patients

• • Organ transplant programs, including kidney and liver transplants

• • Dedicated specialty blocks for cardiology, nephrology, and neurology

• • High-volume outpatient care, treating thousands of patients daily

• • Medical research and public health projects in collaboration with government agencies

• • Strong community outreach programs and health awareness initiatives

RGGGH stands as a lifeline for millions, offering quality treatment, education, and emergency care, and is one of the top 20 government hospitals in India.

12. Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital (RML Hospital)

Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital (RML Hospital), located in central New Delhi, is one of the best government hospitals in India. Originally established as Wellington Hospital during the British era, it was renamed after Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia, a freedom fighter and political leader.

RML Hospital plays a key role in providing affordable and high-quality healthcare to the general public, especially to people from Delhi and neighboring states. The hospital is directly run by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, and does not charge for outpatient or inpatient services, making it an important healthcare facility for the common man.

Departments at RML Hospital, Delhi

These are the major specialties offered at RML Hospital that make it one of the top government hospitals in India:

• • Anaesthesia & Intensive Care

• • Anatomy

• • Biochemistry

• • Blood Bank

• • Burn, Plastic & Maxillofacial Surgery

• • Cardiac Anesthesia

• • Cardiology

• • Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery (CTVS)

• • Clinical Psychology

• • Community Medicine

• • Critical Care Medicine (CCM)

• • Dental Department

• • Dermatology

• • Emergency Medicine

• • Endocrinology & Metabolism

• • ENT (Ear, Nose & Throat)

• • Forensic Medicine & Toxicology

• • Gastroenterology

• • General Surgery

• • Medicine

• • Microbiology

• • Neonatology

• • Nephrology

• • Neurology

• • Neurosurgery

• • Nursing Home

• • Obstetrics & Gynaecology

• • Ophthalmology

• • Orthopaedics

• • Paediatric Surgery

• • Pathology

• • Pediatrics

• • Pharmacology

• • Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

• • Physiology

• • Physiotherapy

• • Psychiatry, Drug De-addiction & Regional Centre for Tobacco Control

• • Radiology

• • Respiratory Medicine

• • Unani Medical Centre

• • Urology & Renal Transplant

Features of RML Hospital, Delhi

• • Over 1,500 beds with modern infrastructure

• • 24×7 Emergency and Trauma services

• • No charges for most services – including OPD, lab tests, surgeries, and indoor treatment

• • Attached to the Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS) for medical education and research

• • Advanced diagnostic and imaging facilities (MRI, CT, ultrasound, etc.)

• • Specialty centers for cardiology, dialysis, neurology, etc.

• • Well-equipped ICU and NICU facilities

• • Free medicine distribution and low-cost pharmacy options

• • Strong focus on medical training and internship programs

• • Involvement in national health programs like TB, HIV, and maternal health initiatives

Dr. RML Hospital is one of the largest government hospitals in India, based on the medical departments it addresses. Its patient-first approach, skilled medical professionals, and commitment to healthcare make it one of the top 20 government hospitals in India. 

13. Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research (IPGMER) & SSKM Hospital 

IPGMER & SSKM Hospital is one of the oldest and most respected government hospitals in India, located in Kolkata, West Bengal. It first started in 1707 as the Presidency General Hospital. Later, in 1954, it was renamed Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial (SSKM) Hospital. In 1957, the hospital expanded its focus and became the Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (IPGMER) to offer advanced medical training and research.

Today, IPGMER & SSKM works as a major referral hospital, which means patients from other hospitals are often sent here for specialized treatment. It is affiliated with the West Bengal University of Health Sciences and is well-known for its medical education, research, and excellent patient care.

Specialties of IPGMER & SSKM Hospital

IPGMER & SSKM Hospital offers a wide range of specialties, making it one of the best government hospitals in India:

• • General Medicine

• • General Surgery

• • Pediatrics

• • Obstetrics & Gynecology

• • Cardiology

• • Neurology

• • Neurosurgery

• • Orthopedics

• • Dermatology

• • ENT (Ear, Nose & Throat)

• • Psychiatry

• • Anesthesiology

• • Radiology

• • Gastroenterology

• • Nephrology

• • Urology

• • Endocrinology

• • Pulmonology

• • Oncology

• • Rheumatology

• • Critical Care Medicine

• • Emergency Medicine

• • Nuclear Medicine

• • Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery

• • Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

• • Forensic Medicine

• • Community Medicine

• • Dentistry

• • Microbiology

• • Pathology

• • Pharmacology

• • Physiology

• • Anatomy

• • Biochemistry

• • Genomics

• • Neonatology

• • Ophthalmology

Features of IPGMER & SSKM Hospital

These features contribute to IPGMER & SSKM Hospital’s reputation as one of the top government hospitals in India:

• • It was established in 1707, it is one of the oldest hospitals practicing modern medicine in India.

• • The hospital offers undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral programs in various medical and paramedical fields.

• • IPGMER & SSKM Hospital provides a wide range of specialties and super-specialties, including rare disease treatment and advanced surgical procedures.

• • The institute also engages in research, including genomics and nuclear medicine.

• • The hospital is equipped with a 244-bed Level-1 Trauma Care Centre to handle critical cases.

• • It also offers free or subsidized treatment to patients, ensuring accessibility to quality healthcare.

• • The hospital conducts health awareness programs and preventive healthcare initiatives.

• • Provides remote consultations to extend healthcare access to remote regions.

With the wide range of departments, IPGMER & SSKM Hospital can be considered as one of the largest government hospitals in India. 

14. Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad

Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS) is located in Punjagutta, Hyderabad. It is one of the top government hospitals in India, known for its quality healthcare, advanced medical education, and dedicated research. Established in 1964, NIMS provides specialized services across a wide range of medical fields.

This hospital not only treats patients but also trains future healthcare professionals. It is widely respected for delivering reliable, affordable, and effective treatment to people from different parts of the country.

Specialties at NIMS, Hyderabad

• • General Medicine

• • General Surgery

• • Pediatrics

• • Obstetrics & Gynecology

• • Orthopedics

• • Cardiology

• • Neurology

• • Urology

• • Pulmonology

• • Radiology

Features of NIMS

Here are some important features that help NIMS rank among the top 20 government hospitals in India:

• • Comprehensive outpatient and inpatient services

• • Modern diagnostic imaging and laboratory facilities

• • A well-equipped trauma center for emergency care

• • Strong focus on research and healthcare innovation

• • Affordable healthcare is accessible to all patients

• • Active participation in public health initiatives

• • Experienced doctors who also train medical students

• • Patient-centered approach with personalized treatment plans

• • Telemedicine services to reach remote areas

NIMS continues to be one of the best government hospitals in India for its commitment to treating patients with care, training future doctors, and contributing to medical progress. 

15. Sir J.J. Hospital, Mumbai 

Sir Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy Hospital, commonly known as Sir J.J. Hospital, is one of the oldest and biggest government hospitals in India due to its large capacity. Located in Mumbai, this hospital was established in 1845 and has played a major role in public healthcare and medical education for over a century.

Sir J.J. Hospital is attached to the Grant Government Medical College, making it not only a major treatment center but also an important institute for training future doctors. It treats thousands of patients daily and is known for its large capacity and wide range of medical services.

Specialties at Sir J.J. Hospital, Mumbai

This hospital offers numerous specialties, making it one of the top 20 government hospitals in India:

• • General Medicine

• • General Surgery

• • Orthopedics

• • Obstetrics & Gynecology

• • Pediatrics

• • Dermatology

• • ENT (Ear, Nose & Throat)

• • Ophthalmology

• • Psychiatry

• • Cardiology

• • Neurology

• • Urology

• • Radiology

• • Pathology

• • Dental Surgery

• • Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Features of Sir J.J. Hospital

These important features make Sir J.J. Hospital one of the best government hospitals in India for affordable and quality treatment:

• • Historic legacy with over 175 years of service

• • One of the largest government hospitals in India, and specifically in Maharashtra

• • More than 30 departments are providing multi-disciplinary care

• • High patient capacity with numerous outpatient and inpatient services

• • Advanced diagnostic and surgical facilities

• • Attached to a reputed medical college for clinical training

• • Affordable treatment options for underprivileged communities

• • 24/7 emergency care and critical care units

• • Public health initiatives and awareness programs

• • Highly experienced doctors and medical staff

Sir J.J. Hospital is committed to affordable and high-quality treatment and continues to serve people across Maharashtra and beyond.

As we have covered some of the well-known government hospitals from Mumbai, the civil hospital in Mumbai also deserves a mention. For its extensive pubic outreach and dependable care.

16. Indira Gandhi Medical College (IGMC), Shimla

Indira Gandhi Medical College (IGMC) is a well-known Indian government hospital and medical institution located in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh. Established in 1966, it was originally known as Himachal Pradesh Medical College before being renamed in honor of former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in 1984.

IGMC is the leading medical facility in the state, offering both top-quality healthcare services and medical education. It is affiliated with Himachal Pradesh University and serves as a top healthcare facility for people in the hilly regions of northern India.

Specialties at IGMC, Shimla

• • General Medicine

• • General Surgery

• • Pediatrics

• • Obstetrics & Gynecology

• • Orthopedics

• • ENT (Ear, Nose & Throat)

• • Ophthalmology

• • Dermatology

• • Psychiatry

• • Cardiology

• • Neurology

• • Radiology

• • Anesthesiology

• • Pathology

• • TB & Chest Diseases

• • Dental Services

Features of IGMC, Shimla

Here are the features that make IGMC one of the top government hospitals in India:

• • It is one of the major tertiary care centers in Himachal Pradesh

• • The hospital is attached to a respected government medical college

• • The institute offers undergraduate, postgraduate, and super-specialty courses

• • It provides affordable healthcare to the general public

• • The hospital has well-equipped emergency and trauma services

• • High-quality diagnostic and laboratory services are available

• • Specialized units for cardiology, cancer care, and more are offered by the hospital

• • Telemedicine services for remote consultations are also a specialized feature of the hospital

IGMC Shimla plays a crucial role in delivering advanced and affordable healthcare in the region. With its focus on both treatment and education, it has made its place in the top 20 government hospitals in India.

17. Goa Medical College and Hospital (GMCH), Panaji 

Goa Medical College and Hospital (GMCH) is located near Panaji, the capital of Goa, and is one of the oldest medical institutions in Asia, originally established in the 17th century during Portuguese rule. Today, it stands as one of the best government hospitals and medical education centers, offering quality healthcare to the people of Goa and neighboring states.

The hospital is affiliated with Goa University and is run by the Government of Goa. GMCH not only treats thousands of patients every year but also trains future doctors and specialists.

Specialties of GMCH, Panaji

• • General Medicine

• • General Surgery

• • Pediatrics

• • Obstetrics & Gynecology

• • Orthopedics

• • ENT (Ear, Nose & Throat)

• • Ophthalmology

• • Dermatology

• • Psychiatry

• • Cardiology

• • Radiology

• • Pathology

• • Anesthesiology

• • Forensic Medicine

• • Urology

• • Neurology

• • Gastroenterology

Features of GMCH, Panaji

These features make GMCH included in the top list of government hospitals in India:

• • It is the oldest medical college in Asia

• • The institute offers undergraduate (MBBS) and postgraduate medical education

• • It has well-equipped outpatient and inpatient departments

• • Emergency and trauma care services are available 24/7

• • Advanced diagnostic and imaging facilities are offered

• • Specialized care units for critical patients are available

• • Affordable treatment for all sections of society is a distinct feature of the hospital

• • It is also involved in medical research and public health outreach

• • It has experienced faculty guiding both patients and students

• • This government hospital is connected with rural and urban health centers in Goa

Goa Medical College and Hospital is a symbol of Goa’s long-standing medical history and commitment to public health, making its way in the list of the top 20 government hospitals in India.

18. Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar

Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS) is the largest government hospital in Jammu & Kashmir, located in Soura, Srinagar. Established in 1982, SKIMS was designed to serve as a tertiary care hospital, a medical college, and a research center, all under one roof.

It is the only deemed university in the region and operates autonomously under the Government of Jammu & Kashmir. SKIMS offers high-quality, affordable healthcare to people across the northern part of India.

Specialties of SKIMS, Srinagar

• • General Medicine

• • General Surgery

• • Cardiology

• • Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery (CTVS)

• • Neurology

• • Neurosurgery

• • Nephrology

• • Urology

• • Oncology

• • Endocrinology

• • Gastroenterology

• • Pediatrics

• • Obstetrics & Gynecology

• • Orthopedics

• • Dermatology

• • Psychiatry

• • Radiology

• • Anesthesiology

• • ENT

• • Ophthalmology

Features of SKIMS, Srinagar

These features make SKIMS the top place in the list of govt hospitals in India. 

• • Only deemed university for medical sciences in Jammu & Kashmir

• • Comprehensive outpatient (OPD) and inpatient (IPD) services

• • Super-specialty and specialty departments under one roof

• • 24/7 emergency and trauma care services

• • Modern operating theatres and critical care units

• • Advanced diagnostic and imaging facilities

• • Affordable and subsidized treatment options

• • Active research programs in various medical fields

• • Telemedicine services for remote areas

• • Offers MBBS, MD/MS, DM/MCh, nursing, and paramedical courses

SKIMS, Srinagar, offers high-quality healthcare facilities for patients in the region and plays a crucial role in improving healthcare access in northern India. With its strong focus on treatment, teaching, and research, SKIMS continues to grow as a trusted Indian government hospital.

19. Government Medical College and Hospital (GMCH), Chandigarh

Government Medical College and Hospital (GMCH) is a well-known Indian government hospital located in Sector 32, Chandigarh. It was established in 1991 to provide high-quality healthcare services to the public and to educate and train the next generation of doctors and medical professionals.

GMCH is affiliated with Panjab University and is recognized by the Medical Council of India (MCI). It is considered one of the best government hospitals in North India because of its modern facilities, experienced doctors, and commitment to patient care.

Departments and Specialties

• • General Medicine

• • General Surgery

• • Pediatrics

• • Obstetrics & Gynecology

• • Orthopedics

• • ENT

• • Ophthalmology

• • Dermatology

• • Psychiatry

• • Neurology

• • Cardiology

• • Urology

• • Radiology

• • Anesthesia

• • Dentistry

• • Emergency Medicine

• • Pathology

• • Microbiology

• • Forensic Medicine

• • Community Medicine

Features of GMCH, Chandigarh

• • It offers outpatient (OPD) and inpatient (IPD) services across many specialties

• • The hospital has a well-equipped emergency department open 24/7

• • GMCH provides affordable treatment to all sections of society

• • It offers advanced medical equipment and diagnostic facilities

• • GMCH is well-known for a clean environment and well-maintained wards

• • The institution also focuses on medical education, research, and patient care

• • It also runs community health programs and preventive care initiatives

• • The hospital offers telemedicine support for patients in remote areas

GMCH, Chandigarh, is a trusted healthcare facility not only for patients in Chandigarh but also for people from Punjab, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh. Because of its compassionate and quality patient-centric approach, it’s included in the top 20 list of govt hospitals in India.

20. Victoria Hospital, Bangalore

Victoria Hospital, located in Bangalore, is one of the oldest and most respected government hospitals in India. Established in 1901, it has been a major center for public healthcare for over a century. The hospital is affiliated with Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute (BMCRI) and serves thousands of patients every day from Bangalore and nearby districts.

The hospital is well-known for its affordable healthcare, skilled doctors, and dedicated services, and is considered an important institute for Karnataka’s public health system, placing it in the top 20 government hospitals in India.

Departments at Victoria Hospital

• • General Medicine

• • General Surgery

• • Orthopedics

• • Pediatrics

• • Obstetrics & Gynecology

• • ENT

• • Ophthalmology

• • Dermatology

• • Psychiatry

• • Anesthesiology

• • Plastic Surgery

• • Burns and Critical Care

• • Radiology

• • Pathology

• • Forensic Medicine

• • Emergency Medicine

Features of Victoria Hospital

• • Victoria Hospital offers outpatient (OPD) and inpatient (IPD) services in multiple departments

• • 24/7 emergency and trauma care facilities are available here

• • It is attached to BMCRI, one of the top medical colleges in the state

• • It contains special departments for burns, plastic surgery, and critical care

• • The hospital has a large blood bank, and a dialysis unit is available

• • It offers affordable and government-subsidized treatment

• • Victoria Hospital focuses on clinical training for medical students and residents

• • It provides care to underprivileged and rural patients

Victoria Hospitals’ legacy, combined with modern facilities, makes it a go-to hospital for affordable treatment in Bangalore.

If you’re looking for more trusted government hospitals in the city, don’t miss our detailed list of the best government hospitals in Bangalore.

Biggest Government Hospitals In India

After reviewing the top 20 government hospitals in India based on their specialties, departments, and key features, it’s time to shift focus to another crucial aspect: scale. While many hospitals stand out for their excellence in services and specialties, a few go even further by serving a large number of patients daily, backed by expansive infrastructure and high bed capacity.

In this section, we highlight the largest government hospitals in India and the biggest government hospitals in India based on three core factors: bed capacity, daily patient intake, and total area or physical size.

These hospitals not only offer high-quality medical services but also handle the pressure of serving thousands of patients every day, making them truly massive in every sense.

Hospital Name	City	Bed Capacity	Daily Patient Capacity	Area (in acres)
KGMU	Lucknow	4000+	7000	24.7
AIIMS	Delhi	3100+	7200	213
Safdarjung Hospital	Delhi	3000+	8000	47
RGGGH	Chennai	2700+	12000	13
KEM Hospital	Mumbai	2250	–	12

Quick Takeaways

• • KGMU is currently the largest government hospital in India by bed count.

• • AIIMS Delhi leads in medical excellence, research, and national reputation, along with the largest campus.

• • These hospitals serve millions annually, offering free or subsidized treatment.

How to Access Services at Government Hospitals in India

Government hospitals in India offer affordable healthcare to millions. While the process may seem complex at first, accessing services is simple once you know what to do. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you navigate the system, from registration to feedback.

Step-by-Step Process: Registration & Appointments

1. Walk-in Registration (Offline)

• • Visit the hospital’s Outpatient Department (OPD) counter or central registration desk.

• • Reach early (typically between 8:00 AM to 10:00 AM) as patient load is high.

• • You fill out a basic form with your name, age, address, contact info, and department/issue.

• • An OPD registration slip or patient ID card, which is valid for all follow-ups.

2. Online Registration (Where Available)

Many large and the biggest government hospitals in India now support online bookings:

• • Use the ORS Portal (Online Registration System)

• • Register using your Aadhaar Card or Mobile Number.

• • Choose hospital, department, date, and time.

• • Get a confirmation SMS or slip to show at the hospital.

This system reduces waiting time and gives you priority in queues.

Free vs. Paid Services

Free Services Offered

Most largest government hospitals in India offer several services at no cost, especially for general category patients:

• • OPD consultations

• • Emergency care

• • Basic lab tests and X-rays

• • Inpatient care in general wards

• • Surgeries (general procedures)

• • Medications from the hospital pharmacy

Paid Services (Optional or For Enhanced Comfort)

• • Private or semi-private wards

• • Advanced diagnostic tests (CT, MRI, etc.)

• • Special or super-specialist consultations

• • Premium health check packages (where available)

Fees are highly subsidized compared to private hospitals, and receipts are always provided.

3. Availing Ayushman Bharat 

Ayushman Bharat – PM-JAY (Ayush Card)

The Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) is India’s largest health assurance scheme. It provides free treatment up to ₹5 lakhs per family per year at empanelled public and private hospitals.

• • Check eligibility (People from SC/ST caste, not having earning member above age 16, or annual income of less than 2.5 lakh and more are listed on the website.)

• • If eligible, you can download the Ayushman Card online or visit a nearby Common Service Centre (CSC) or an empanelled hospital.

• • Carry your Aadhaar card or ration card for verification.

Many top government hospitals in India accept the Ayushman Card for treatments under PM-JAY.

4. Documents You May Need

• • Aadhaar Card (primary ID)

• • Ration Card / BPL Card (for scheme eligibility)

• • PM-JAY Ayushman Card (if enrolled)

• • Any referral letters (for tertiary care hospitals)

Challenges Faced by Government Hospitals in India

Government hospitals play a crucial role in providing affordable healthcare. However, even the best government hospitals in India face several challenges that affect service quality and efficiency.

1. Overcrowding and High Patient Load

Top hospitals like AIIMS Delhi and KEM Mumbai handle thousands of patients every day. The massive footfall is due to free or low-cost care, limited rural facilities, and high trust in government hospitals. But it leads to long wait times, overworked staff, and shorter consultations.

2. Staff Shortages

Many hospitals operate with fewer doctors, nurses, and technicians than needed. This might happen due to delayed recruitment or staff moving to private hospitals, leading to staff shortage, patient neglect, and delays in treatment.

3. Outdated Infrastructure and Equipment

Even some of the biggest government hospitals in India use old equipment or lack enough operation theatres and ICU beds.

4. Limited Budget and Resources

Funding constraints often delay upgrades, medicine availability, and staff training.

Leading patients to buy medicines or visit private labs, which increases their costs.

5. Lack of Digital Systems

Many hospitals still rely on paper records, manual appointments, and outdated processes.

Impact: Delays in service, lost records, and inconvenience to patients.

6. Poor Grievance Redressal

Most hospitals lack an effective system for patient feedback or complaint resolution. This leads to unaddressed concerns and reduced patient trust.

7.Limited Reach in Urban Areas

While major cities have large hospitals, many rural areas lack access to basic care, pushing more patients into already crowded urban centers.

Conclusion

Government hospitals in India are the backbone of public healthcare. Whether you’re looking at the top government hospital in India for specialized treatment or exploring the list of government hospitals in India for general services, these institutions offer essential care to millions, often free or at minimal cost.

From our detailed list of the top 10 hospital in India government and even the top 20 government hospital in India, it’s clear that facilities like AIIMS Delhi, Safdarjung Hospital, KEM Mumbai, and others stand out not only for their medical expertise but also for their massive patient capacity, wide range of departments, and national-level reputation.

We also examined the largest government hospital in India and the biggest government hospital in India in terms of bed strength, patient intake, area, and infrastructure. Such insights are useful for understanding the scale and reach of Indian government hospitals, which continue to evolve through digital healthcare efforts and improved patient support systems. We hope this guide has provided you with all the information you needed. 

FAQs

1. How many government hospitals in India exist?

As of recent data from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India has over 23,581 government hospitals, including primary health centres (PHCs), community health centres (CHCs), district hospitals, and tertiary care institutions like AIIMS and state medical colleges. These hospitals serve urban, semi-urban, and rural populations across the country.

2. Are government hospitals free in India?

Yes, most government hospitals in India provide free healthcare services, especially for basic consultations, emergency treatment, and essential medicines. Advanced procedures or private room preferences may involve minimal charges. Additionally, schemes like Ayushman Bharat (PM-JAY) offer free treatment up to ₹5 lakhs annually for eligible families at many government hospitals.

3. What is the advantage of the government hospital in India?

Government hospitals in India offer several advantages, including affordable or free treatment for all sections of society, wide coverage, especially in rural and underserved areas. Availability of specialists in major hospitals, access to national health schemes like Ayushman Bharat, and tertiary care and teaching hospitals that offer advanced treatment and training

4. Which state in India has the best government hospital?

Delhi is often considered to have the best government hospitals, with AIIMS Delhi leading the list for its excellent infrastructure, medical research, and quality care. States like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, and Karnataka also have high-quality government hospitals such as KEM Hospital (Mumbai), RGGGH (Chennai), and Victoria Hospital (Bangalore), respectively.